![]() To complicate matters further, the United States was no longer the only country with nuclear weapons. This combined diplomacy with the threat of massive retaliation. In 1953 he opted for the so-called ‘new look’ strategy. Though initially in favour of a policy of firmness towards communism, based on the ‘rollback’ doctrine, President Eisenhower nevertheless had to make allowance for the risk of escalation and the hazards of direct nuclear confrontation with the Soviets. In the United States General Eisenhower won the 1952 presidential election, with a corresponding shift in American foreign policy on the Soviet Union. Although the Korean war was geographically limited, its international repercussions showed that the two great powers could not openly confront one another without running the risk of widespread conflict. Only in July 1953 was a fragile peace restored along the 38th parallel with the signature of an armistice at Panmunjom. Indirectly this precipitated rearmament of the Federal Republic of Germany. The region became a bloody ideological battleground, pitting the West against the communist world. In June 1950 the Cold War moved from Europe to south-east Asia as communist troops from the North invaded South Korea. ![]() At the start of the 1950s East-West relations were characterised by constant tension and distrust between the two superpowers: the United States and the Soviet Union. ![]()
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